Can babies meet the conditions that must precede water baptism?
The Bible reveals that a person must do certain things before he can be baptized. If these things are not done, then the baptism would not be Scriptural. So we ask whether or not a baby can fulfill the Scriptural prerequisites of baptism.
Note that God is no respecter of persons (Acts 10:34,35; Rom. 2:11), so there are not two sets of prerequisites for baptism - one for babies and one for adults. Whatever the Bible requires of some people to be baptized, it requires the same of all people.
Acts 10:34-35
Then Peter replied, “I see very clearly that God shows no favoritism. 35 In every nation he accepts those who fear him and do what is right.
Romans 2:11
For God does not show favoritism.
Before baptism one must hear and understand the gospel:
Mark 16:15-16
And then he told them, “Go into all the world and preach the Good News to everyone. 16 Anyone who believes and is baptized will be saved. But anyone who refuses to believe will be condemned.
John 6:44-45
For no one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them to me, and at the last day I will raise them up. 45 As it is written in the Scriptures, ‘They will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who listens to the Father and learns from him comes to me.
Can babies hear and understand the gospel?
Before baptism one must believe the gospel:
Acts 8:12
But now the people believed Philip’s message of Good News concerning the Kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ. As a result, many men and women were baptized.
Galatians 3:26-27
For you are all children of God through faith in Christ Jesus. 27 And all who have been united with Christ in baptism have put on Christ, like putting on new clothes
Can babies believe the gospel?
One cannot be baptized on the basis of someone else's faith, such as a parent's faith. No one else can believe for us, just like no one can be baptized for us.
Before baptism, one must repent of sins:
Acts 2:38
Peter replied, “Each of you must repent of your sins and turn to God, and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. Then you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.
Can babies repent of sins?
Before baptism, one must confess Christ:
Romans 10:9-10
If you openly declare that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For it is by believing in your heart that you are made right with God, and it is by openly declaring your faith that you are saved.
Acts 8:35-39
So beginning with this same Scripture, Philip told him the Good News about Jesus.
36 As they rode along, they came to some water, and the eunuch said, “Look! There’s some water! Why can’t I be baptized?” 38 He ordered the carriage to stop, and they went down into the water, and Philip baptized him.
39 When they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord snatched Philip away. The eunuch never saw him again but went on his way rejoicing.
Can a baby confess Christ with his mouth when he cannot speak?
So...the above are four things the Bible says every person must personally do before he can be baptized. As our Father is no respecter of persons, then the plan is the same for everyone. The word tells us that before anyone can be baptized, he must hear and understand the gospel, believe it, repent of sins, and confess Christ. Our babies are unable to do any of these things. Therefore, the command to be baptized is not addressed to them. To baptize them anyway would be to act without God's authority. It would be doing something different from and even opposed to what God says must be done.
What does God reveal to us in His word concerning those who do things their own way---even when to them it seems good?
.