How different are the prayers of God's people in the Old Testament to Jesus' prayer, specifically the Lord's Prayer?
When you say 'Lord's prayer', I believe you mean the prayer found in (Matt. 6:9-15) or (Luke 11:1-4).
First, it should be said that this is not the prayer of the Lord Jesus. It is a model prayer for the disciples to follow. Jesus could never say it all as He never sinned and could not ask for forgiveness. Nor could He ask to not be led into temptation as He was led into temptation to prove the character and reality of Who He was.
Second, in it's entirety, neither is it for the Church. For forgiveness of sins in the Church is based upon our confession, not on forgiving others. (1 John 1:9) But much in it is applicable to the Church, and believers of any time period, because God is God at all times.
Because most of the Church understands this prayer to be for the Church, it has become a memorized and repeated prayer at many Church functions. Which I personally always enjoy saying and hearing, having memorized it a very young age. But, I always try to remember (Matt. 6:7) where Christ warned us of using 'vain repititions'. In other words, I don't think this prayer was meant for us to use the way we do many times.
Thirdly, I believe this prayer, what we call the Lord's prayer', is a model prayer for the Kingdom age. (Matt. 5-7) is the Sermon on the Mount and are the laws of the Kingdom. It is that Kingdom to come where Jesus rules on earth, in Jerusalem, over the world. The Millennial reign of Christ. Believers in Israel in the Tribulation is who I believe this prayer is specfically for, though it was for Israel also when Christ first came to establish the Kingdom also. (Matt. 4:17)
No matter the time period, I know God wants truth and reality from His people. He wants to hear not repition, but what is in ones heart. Honest, reverent, and plain spoken. Not lofty words and a strange change of voice. And of course we pray in Jesus name, for we the Church are in Jesus. 'In Jesus Name' is not a stamp to send the prayer to Heaven. If I were to forget to say at the end, 'In Jesus Name', would God hear my prayer? Of course He would. Our prayer is in Jesus Name.
Lees