The sad part is that there is a great and grand and beautiful mystery playing out in the pages of scripture as Christ died and descended and led captives free …
From Adam to Christ, the dead went to SHEOL (the grave, a holding place for the dead).
Within SHEOL are two parts, ABRAHAMS BOSOM (a pleasant place for the dead to wait for … something) and GEHENNA, a terrible place for the torment of the accursed. We see this reality illustrated in the STORY (not a parable) of Lazarus and the Rich Man told by Jesus Christ … who as God incarnate is the only person able to know of such things with perfect certainty.
From Acts onward through the New Testament, we see a new reality described for the fate of the dead. Starting with the thief on the Cross, Jesus began to promise that those that died with faith in Him would be with Him in paradise. “Today” is what Jesus told the thief. Paul said that to be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord. Between Lazarus (and the Rich Man) and the death of Stephen (where he saw Heaven welcoming him) something important happened and everything changed for those that trust in God.
These verses about Christ going to “hell” and “preaching the gospel” and “leading the captives free” and dozens of other verses speak to this mystery. Christ entered SHEOL and laid claim to what was His … the souls waiting in ABRAHAMS BOSOM for the GOSPEL (good news) that God’s redemption had come to fruition. The wait was over. The saints of old were free to join their long awaited Savior. SHEOL (the grave) had given up PARADISE. Those souls that belong to God would henceforth be with God in Heaven awaiting the great and terrible day of the Lord. The day when their bodies would be renewed (great for US) and the day that all unrighteousness and death itself and the grave itself would all be cast into the lake of fire (terrible for God’s enemies).
… and we ignore it to argue over dog vomit questions like can the damned get a second chance (which is really a back door way of asking … “is God really fair?”)