visionary
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Romans 14:1 HNV - "Now receive one who is weak in faith, but not for disputes over opinions."
Those who were recent believers still held onto old customs such as mandatory vegetarianism as seen in latter verses. Vegetarianism was very prominent in Ancient Greece.
"In Greece during classical antiquity the vegetarian diet was called abstinence from beings with a soul (Greek ἀποχὴ ἐμψύχων). As a principle or deliberate way of life it was always limited to a rather small number of practitioners belonging to specific philosophical schools or certain religious groups." -Wikipedia
Romans 14:2 HNV - "One man has faith to eat all things, but he who is weak eats only vegetables."
What does "all things" mean? Well the Greek word is "pas" which means:
individually
each, every, any, all, the whole, everyone, all things, everything
collectively
some of all types
I am not going to get into "pas" extensively, but I will be posting a commentary on 1 Timothy 4 as well so it can be understood better, but for now I will render "pas" as "some of all types" or "collectively" which refers to the foods define in Lev. 11. This will be covered on my 1 Timothy 4 commentary.
Romans 14:3 HNV - "Don't let him who eats despise him who doesn't eat. Don't let him who doesn't eat judge him who eats, for God has received him."
Now we see something different here. Now, Paul is talking about fasting. In fasting, we esteem a day by fasting on it. Look at the next few verses.
Romans 14:4 HNV - "Who are you who judge another's servant? To his own lord he stands or falls. Yes, he will be made to stand, for God has power to make him stand."
Once we understand now it is about fasting, we should see that this verse says we should not judge others for fasting or not fasting on certain days.
Romans 14:5 HNV - "One man esteems one day as more important. Another esteems every day alike. Let each man be fully assured in his own mind."
Notice how it says "man" not "God". God esteems his holy days:
Leviticus 23:2 HNV - ""Speak to the children of Yisra'el, and tell them, 'The set feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my set feasts."
Leviticus 23:4 HNV - ""'These are the set feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations, which you shall proclaim in their appointed season."
Leviticus 23:37 HNV - ""'These are the appointed feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire to the LORD, a burnt offering, and a meal offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, each on its own day;"
Leviticus 23:44 HNV - "Moshe declared to the children of Yisra'el the appointed feasts of the LORD."
So in context, Paul is not talking about feast days but days in general. Some people fast on Monday, some one Wednesday, or some on Friday.
Romans 14:6 HNV - " He who observes the day, observes it to the Lord; and he who does not observe the day, to the Lord he does not observe it. He who eats, eats to the Lord, for he gives God thanks. He who doesn't eat, to the Lord he doesn't eat, and gives God thanks."
Like I said, the context is fasting. Therefore, once read with that context, we see that some fast while some do not.
Romans 14:13 HNV - "Therefore let's not judge one another any more, but judge this rather, that no man put a stumbling block in his brother's way, or an occasion for falling."
Romans 14:14 HNV - "I know, and am persuaded in the Lord Yeshua, that nothing is unclean of itself; except that to him who considers anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean."
Now we switch gears again, this is similar to that of a conclusion to the vegetarian and fasting issues. The vegetarians viewed meat as "unclean" or unfit to eat. I know this is going to be hard to grasp without 1 Timothy 4, but bare with me. Remember "pas"? (I will cover this topic more extensively, there is a lot more I wish to say) It can refer to a specific type of food. This verse is referring to that food. Therefore, this verse is showing that you cannot call food
Romans 14:15 HNV - "Yet if because of food your brother is grieved, you walk no longer in love. Don't destroy with your food him for whom Messiah died."
Romans 14:20 HNV - "Don't overthrow God's work for food's sake. All things indeed are clean, however it is evil for that man who creates a stumbling block by eating."
Romans 14:21 HNV - "It is good to not eat meat, drink wine, nor do anything by which your brother stumbles, is offended, or is made weak."
Again, 1 Timothy 4 is needed to understand this chapter due to it's correlations. But, what it is saying is that we should not eat food (some of a type or clean) if it displeases someone such as a vegetarian. "All things" is "pas".
Those who were recent believers still held onto old customs such as mandatory vegetarianism as seen in latter verses. Vegetarianism was very prominent in Ancient Greece.
"In Greece during classical antiquity the vegetarian diet was called abstinence from beings with a soul (Greek ἀποχὴ ἐμψύχων). As a principle or deliberate way of life it was always limited to a rather small number of practitioners belonging to specific philosophical schools or certain religious groups." -Wikipedia
Romans 14:2 HNV - "One man has faith to eat all things, but he who is weak eats only vegetables."
What does "all things" mean? Well the Greek word is "pas" which means:
individually
each, every, any, all, the whole, everyone, all things, everything
collectively
some of all types
I am not going to get into "pas" extensively, but I will be posting a commentary on 1 Timothy 4 as well so it can be understood better, but for now I will render "pas" as "some of all types" or "collectively" which refers to the foods define in Lev. 11. This will be covered on my 1 Timothy 4 commentary.
Romans 14:3 HNV - "Don't let him who eats despise him who doesn't eat. Don't let him who doesn't eat judge him who eats, for God has received him."
Now we see something different here. Now, Paul is talking about fasting. In fasting, we esteem a day by fasting on it. Look at the next few verses.
Romans 14:4 HNV - "Who are you who judge another's servant? To his own lord he stands or falls. Yes, he will be made to stand, for God has power to make him stand."
Once we understand now it is about fasting, we should see that this verse says we should not judge others for fasting or not fasting on certain days.
Romans 14:5 HNV - "One man esteems one day as more important. Another esteems every day alike. Let each man be fully assured in his own mind."
Notice how it says "man" not "God". God esteems his holy days:
Leviticus 23:2 HNV - ""Speak to the children of Yisra'el, and tell them, 'The set feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my set feasts."
Leviticus 23:4 HNV - ""'These are the set feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations, which you shall proclaim in their appointed season."
Leviticus 23:37 HNV - ""'These are the appointed feasts of the LORD, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire to the LORD, a burnt offering, and a meal offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, each on its own day;"
Leviticus 23:44 HNV - "Moshe declared to the children of Yisra'el the appointed feasts of the LORD."
So in context, Paul is not talking about feast days but days in general. Some people fast on Monday, some one Wednesday, or some on Friday.
Romans 14:6 HNV - " He who observes the day, observes it to the Lord; and he who does not observe the day, to the Lord he does not observe it. He who eats, eats to the Lord, for he gives God thanks. He who doesn't eat, to the Lord he doesn't eat, and gives God thanks."
Like I said, the context is fasting. Therefore, once read with that context, we see that some fast while some do not.
Romans 14:13 HNV - "Therefore let's not judge one another any more, but judge this rather, that no man put a stumbling block in his brother's way, or an occasion for falling."
Romans 14:14 HNV - "I know, and am persuaded in the Lord Yeshua, that nothing is unclean of itself; except that to him who considers anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean."
Now we switch gears again, this is similar to that of a conclusion to the vegetarian and fasting issues. The vegetarians viewed meat as "unclean" or unfit to eat. I know this is going to be hard to grasp without 1 Timothy 4, but bare with me. Remember "pas"? (I will cover this topic more extensively, there is a lot more I wish to say) It can refer to a specific type of food. This verse is referring to that food. Therefore, this verse is showing that you cannot call food
Romans 14:15 HNV - "Yet if because of food your brother is grieved, you walk no longer in love. Don't destroy with your food him for whom Messiah died."
Romans 14:20 HNV - "Don't overthrow God's work for food's sake. All things indeed are clean, however it is evil for that man who creates a stumbling block by eating."
Romans 14:21 HNV - "It is good to not eat meat, drink wine, nor do anything by which your brother stumbles, is offended, or is made weak."
Again, 1 Timothy 4 is needed to understand this chapter due to it's correlations. But, what it is saying is that we should not eat food (some of a type or clean) if it displeases someone such as a vegetarian. "All things" is "pas".