O.T. quotes in the N.T.

[pinacled]

My apologies,

Perhaps a comparison of Yeshua and psalms will be sufficient.

Matthew 22:44
Psalms 110

 

[pinacled]

My apologies,

Perhaps a comparison of Yeshua and psalms will be sufficient.

Matthew 22:44
Psalms 110

Psalms 110 hebrew to english.

א לְדָוִד, מִזְמוֹר:
נְאֻם יְהוָה, לַאדֹנִי--שֵׁב לִימִינִי; עַד-אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ, הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ.1

A Psalm of David. {N}
The LORD saith unto my lord: 'Sit thou at My right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.' ]


Matthew 22:44

[ The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool? ]

Is the greek comparable?

 

[Andrew]

Psalms 110 hebrew to english.

א לְדָוִד, מִזְמוֹר:
נְאֻם יְהוָה, לַאדֹנִי--שֵׁב לִימִינִי; עַד-אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ, הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ.1

A Psalm of David. {N}
The LORD saith unto my lord: 'Sit thou at My right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.' ]


Matthew 22:44

[ The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool? ]

Is the greek comparable?

A Psalm of David. The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
LXX

 

[pinacled]

A Psalm of David. The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
LXX

That is the english/latin instead of
greek andrew

 

[Origen]

This passage is very interesting (and is the third example). The N.T. and LXX are close but there are two differences.

εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου (Psalm 109:1 LXX)

εἶπεν κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου (Matthew 22:44)


First, the LXX has an article before "kurios" (i.e. ὁ) while Matthew does not.

Second, the LXX uses the noun ὑποπόδιον (= footstool), but the N.T uses the adverb ὑποκάτω (= under, below).

Note the last phrase: τῶν ποδῶν σου = "your feet."

Literally the LXX has: "a footstool for your feet."

Literally the N.T. has: "under your feet."


Now note the M.T.
שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד-אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ (Psalm 110:1 MT)

The MT and the LXX read the same and have exactly the same phrase at the end of the sentence (i.e. "a footstool for your feet") while the N.T. has "under your feet."

 

[pinacled]

This passage is very interesting. They are close but there are two differences.

εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου (Psalm 109:1 LXX)

εἶπεν κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου (Matthew 22:44)


First, the LXX has an article before "kurios" (i.e. ὁ) while Matthew does not.

Second, the LXX uses the noun ὑποπόδιον (= footstool), but the N.T uses the adverb ὑποκάτω (= under, below).

Note the last phrase: τῶν ποδῶν σου = "your feet."

Literally the LXX has: "a footstool for your feet."

Literally the N.T. has: "under your feet."


Now note the M.T.
שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד-אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ (Psalm 110:1 MT)

The MT and the LXX are the same and have exactly the same phrase at the end of the sentence (i.e. "a footstool for your feet") while the N.T. has "under your feet."

"Blessed are the peace makers......:

 

[pinacled]

"Blessed are the peace makers......:

There are 4 limbs of ya'akov named as wives.

I wonder if the Hebrew is comparable to the greek.

 

[pinacled]

This passage is very interesting. The N.T. and LXX are close but there are two differences.

εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου (Psalm 109:1 LXX)

εἶπεν κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου (Matthew 22:44)


First, the LXX has an article before "kurios" (i.e. ὁ) while Matthew does not.

Second, the LXX uses the noun ὑποπόδιον (= footstool), but the N.T uses the adverb ὑποκάτω (= under, below).

Note the last phrase: τῶν ποδῶν σου = "your feet."

Literally the LXX has: "a footstool for your feet."

Literally the N.T. has: "under your feet."


Now note the M.T.
שֵׁב לִימִינִי עַד-אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ (Psalm 110:1 MT)

The MT and the LXX are the same and have exactly the same phrase at the end of the sentence (i.e. "a footstool for your feet") while the N.T. has "under your feet."

Hand and foot.

Is there a greek word for Jacob's wives?

 

[Origen]

Hand and foot.

Is there a greek word for Jacob's wives?

The word for "woman" and "wife" are the same noun.

Hebrew - אִשָּׁה
Greek - γυνή

 

[pinacled]

The word for "woman" and "wife" are the same noun.

Hebrew - אִשָּׁה
Greek - γυνή

Amen ,

And the enemy seeks to divide the woman from man.
Just as it happened in the garden.

With strife.
Daniel 11:38

 

[pinacled]

The word for "woman" and "wife" are the same noun.

Hebrew - אִשָּׁה
Greek - γυνή

Matthew 5:30
Psalms 73:23

 

[pinacled]

Love is a dynamic aspect of life

 

[pinacled]

How about comparing the greek to hebrew concerning.
Deuteronomy 4:2

 

[Origen]

This is my fifth example.

Matthew 9:13
ἔλεος θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν
I desire mercy and not sacrifice.

Hosea 6:6 LXX
ἔλεος θέλω ἢ θυσίαν
I desire mercy rather than sacrifice.

Hosea 6:6
כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי וְלֹא־זָבַח
I desire mercy and not sacrifice.

The difference between the Greek of the LXX and the N.T. is very telling. Note that they do not match.

First, the Hebrew text reads “and not” (i.e. וְלֹא). The construction is a conjunction followed by a negative particle.

Second, the N.T. follows the same construction as the Hebrew. The N.T. has “and not” (i.e. καὶ οὐ = conjunction followed by a negative particle).

Third, the LXX has “rather than” (i.e. ἤ). In Greek ἤ is a disjunctive particle. It is used as a marker of alternative.

In this case the N.T. clearly follows the Hebrew text.

 

[Origen]

This is my sixth example.

Mark 12:30
καὶ ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου - and you shall love the Lord your God
ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας σου - with all your heart
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς σου - and with all your soul
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς διανοίας σου - and with all your mind
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος σου - and with all your might\strength

Deuteronomy 6:5 - LXX
καὶ ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου - you shall love the Lord your God
ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας σου - with all your heart
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς σου - and with all your soul
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς δυνάμεώς σου - and with all your power\might\strength

Deuteronomy 6:5 - MT
וְאָהַבְתָּ אֵת יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ - you shall love the Lord your God
בְּכָל-לְבָבְךָ - with all your heart
וּבְכָל-נַפְשְׁךָ - and with all your soul
וּבְכָל-מְאֹדֶךָ - and all your might\strength

There are two interesting points about this citation.

First, note the one minor difference between the lists.

Mark - heart, soul, mind, strength (4 items)
LXX - heart, soul, strength (3 items)
MT - heart, soul, strength (3 items)

All three texts agree for the most part but Mark has the additional phrase "and with all your mind" which is not found in the either the Hebrew text or LXX.

Second, Mark does not used the same word for "might\strength" as the LXX. Mark uses the word ἰσχύς while the LXX has δύναμις.

 

[pinacled]

This is my sixth example.

Mark 12:30
καὶ ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου - and you shall love the Lord your God
ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας σου - with all your heart
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς σου - and with all your soul
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς διανοίας σου - and with all your mind
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος σου - and with all your might\strength

Deuteronomy 6:5 - LXX
καὶ ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου - you shall love the Lord your God
ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας σου - with all your heart
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς σου - and with all your soul
καὶ ἐξ ὅλης τῆς δυνάμεώς σου - and with all your power\might\strength

Deuteronomy 6:5 - MT
וְאָהַבְתָּ אֵת יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ - you shall love the Lord your God
בְּכָל-לְבָבְךָ - with all your heart
וּבְכָל-נַפְשְׁךָ - and with all your soul
וּבְכָל-מְאֹדֶךָ - and all your might\strength

There are two interesting points about this citation.

First, note the one minor difference between the lists.

Mark - heart, soul, mind, strength (4 items)
LXX - heart, soul, strength (3 items)
MT - heart, soul, strength (3 items)

All three texts agree for the most part but Mark adds the phrase "and with all your mind" which is not found in the either the Hebrew text or LXX.

Second, Mark does not used the same word for "might\strength" as the LXX. Mark uses the word ἰσχύς while the LXX has δύναμις.

Thankyou for posting the hebrew and also the color palate.
I find it interesting that there is sofit kaph tied to the heart, soul, and strength.
Reminds me of a 3 fold cord

Blessings Always

 

[Josiah]

Origin,


Very interesting! Thank you.

I wonder..... back then, NO ONE had a floppy leather-bound tome with "HOLY BIBLE" written on the cover in genuine imitation gold letters on the cover... indeed, there were no books at all. And there was no OFFICIAL Bible, no OFFICIAL canon back then. People heard things read in the Synagogue or church (both words just mean gathering) and MEMORIZED it. People had the Word in their heart, not in some reference book. Jesus didn't say "Hold on a sec, I need to look that up in my Bible here ,,,,: Nope, they said it from their heart, from memory. And I WONDER, was that always VERBATIM as found in some floppy leather book, from some OFFICIAL translation, from some OFFICIAL book(s)? I doubt it.

I understand that some of the OT "quotes" in the NT are not exactly "verbatim" according to OUR texts of the OT. Frankly, I'm not surprised.... frankly, that's what I'd expect. The Word was living.... in hearts and minds and lives.... not in some offical book.

My own pastor never uses a translation. To the pulpit or to Bible studies, he brings his Hebrew OT (I forget what he calls that) and hie Greek NT (He calls it "Nessels" or something like that). And when he reads it to we English speaking people, he's using his Hebrew or Greek and kind of a running translation. I'm SURE it's not exactly a verbatim quote from the KVJ or ESV or RSV.... it's his translation, applied to the situation at hand. I SUSPECT (but do not know) Jesus and the Apostles and the NT pin men likely did the same. They had put the word in their heart, in their minds, in their hearts.... and "translated" it as made sense in that situation. I SUSPECT our very modern sense of quotation didn't really apply then. But I may be way off base....just theorizing.


And translating and applying ALWAYS involves interpretation. When we CHRISTIANS read the OT, we read it IN FAITH, WITH FAITH, as a Christian. Sorry, it's impossible to read anything without "bias" and I think we read the OT from the prespective of the NT... with the knowledge of the New... with the KEEN awareness of the Cross and the Empty Tomb. So, naturally, we "see" things and "interpret" things a bit differently than a Jew would. I'd except that. There are Scriptures that speak of preaching the Gospel of Jesus from Scripture (the OLD Testament!!!!) and every time I read that, I wonder exactly what Scriptures they shared, what interpretation they gave .... I'm sure it was from the prespective of the Truth, who IS Jesus.


Thanks again!


- Josiah




.

 

[Origen]

I understand that some of the OT "quotes" in the NT are not exactly "verbatim" according to OUR texts of the OT.

The truth is almost every O.T quotation in the N.T. has at least some minor variants from the LXX (and in some cases major variations) and is rarely verbatim.

Some quotations are closer to the LXX while others are closer to the Hebrew. A few others, however, do not conform to either the LXX or the Hebrew.

And the idea that all the LXX manuscripts are the same is completely false. There are variants between the manuscripts.

Thanks again!

You are very welcome.

 

[pinacled]

John 1

Nathanael answered and saith unto him, Rabbi, thou art the Son of God; thou art the King of Israel.

50 Jesus answered and said unto him, Because I said unto thee, I saw thee under the fig tree, believest thou? thou shalt see greater things than these.

51 And he saith unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man.

 

[Origen]

This is my seventh example. In this example I provide an English translation under the Greek texts.


1 Corinthians 2:9
ἃ ὀφθαλμὸς οὐκ εἶδεν καὶ οὖς οὐκ ἤκουσεν
What no eye has seen, nor ear heard

καὶ ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἀνέβη
nor the heart of man imagined

ἃ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ θεὸς τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν
what God has prepared for those who love him
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Isaiah 56:4 (LXX)
ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰῶνος οὐκ ἠκούσαμεν
From of old we have not heard

οὐδὲ οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν εἶδον θεὸν πλὴν σοῦ
neither have our eyes seen any God besides you

καὶ τὰ ἔργα σου ἃ ποιήσεις τοῖς ὑπομένουσιν ἔλεον
and your works which you shall do for those who wait for your mercy
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Here are the English translations of both Greek texts.

N.T.
What no eye has seen, nor ear heard
nor the heart of man imagined
what God has prepared for those who love him

LXX
From of old we have not heard
neither have our eyes seen any God but you
and your works which you shall do for those who wait for your mercy
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Paul's Greek text is very different from and the text of LXX.

I have highlighted four places where the texts more or less match.

(1) Both use the negative adverb οὐ (or οὐκ or οὐχ).

(2) Paul uses the singular form of the word ὀφθαλμός (i.e. eye) while the LXX use the plural form plus the article (i.e. οἱ ὀφθαλμοί).

(3) Paul uses the singular form of the verb (i.e. εἶδεν) while the LXX uses the plural form of the verb (i.e. εἶδον).

(4) Paul use the 3rd person singular (i.e. it) form of the verb (i.e. ἤκουσεν) while the LXX uses the 1st person plural (i.e. they) form of the verb (i.e. ἠκούσαμεν).

(5) The object of the verbs are different. The object of the verb in the LXX is God himself (i.e. "nor have our eyes seen any God besides you"). The object of the verb in Paul's text is not God himself but rather what God "has prepared for those who love him."


It is obvious that Paul is not following the Septuagint.