This sounds interesting. Can you go into more detail?
In early classical Judaism there is no actual after life, either reward or punishment, as we are simply here from the time we are born until the time we cease at death (in the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. -Genesis 3:16). The belief in a world to come is there but it isn't really seen as an afterlife thing as such where you will be.
In the original Greek Stoicism you are, basically, nothing but a part of a higher scheme in which you have a duty to play your part while you are here but are gone when you are gone, just an observer of your life while it is here. Sort of like a character in a movie that enters the movie when his character appears, plays his role as his role determines it is to be played then departs and is no more although it still has an effect on the rest of the movie.
Modern versions of both are substantially different that the originals, modern Jews tend to believe all sorts of things from nothingness before and after you live to reincarnation to an afterlife that isn't really oriented toward either reward or punishment to something more akin to the purgatory thing where the soul enters a sort of multilevel realm in which it moves to higher and lower states of development until it finally achieves a reunited form with the creator (Kabballah, Hassidism) although this even has many different understandings within it.
Hopefully this is sort of right, been a long time since I studied such things and I've reached the age where my brain if full and I have to forget something old in order to make room for anything new I learn. (I'm not forgetful, I just learned something new that pushed something I used to know out.)
