John 10:8 “All who came before me were thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them.”
Who is Jesus referring to?
I believe Jesus is referring to any who came, or come, claiming the same authority from God that Jesus alone is given.
Jesus first came correctly, through the door, and the porter opened it for Him. (Jn. 10:2-3) The Porter being, I believe, God the Holy Spirit. Jesus met all qualifications. All others claiming 'like' authority must come another way and are just robbers and thieves, knowing they don't have the qualifications. (Jn. 10:1) They do not seek the Porter's approval and His opening of the door.
Jesus then becomes the door of the sheep. (Jn. 10:7) He is the entrance into salvation whereby His sheep go in and out, having pasture and protection. (Jn. 10:9,11)
All others who claim to be some sent one from God, are but thieves and robbers, (10:8), strangers, (Jn. 10:5), hirelings, (Jn. 10:12). They may obtain a position in the fold, Judaism, but were never given it by God. The Porter would never open it for them. Specific reference to the Pharisees. (Jn. 9:16) But can refer to any single individual claiming to be someone from God and gaining popularity, but not coming the correct way. (Acts 5:36-37)
The Church today is filled with such. Just like Israel in Christ's day was filled with such.
Lees